Gnomes of Zürich refers to Swiss bankers, being associated with secretive policies, and like fairy tales gnomes, secretly counting their treasure.
The term actually come from a speech on November 12, 1956, by the British Labor Party member Harold Wilson, then Shadow Chancellor, when he accused Swiss bankers of pushing the pound down on the foreign exchange markets. The relevant portion of the speech is as follows:
“Traders and financiers all over the world had listened to the Chancellor. He had said that if he could not stop wage claims the country was facing disaster. Rightly or wrongly, these people believed the Chancellor. On September 5th, when the T.U.C. unanimously rejected wage restraint, it was the end of an era, and all the financiers, all the little gnomes in Zürich and other financial centers, had begun to make their dispensations in regard to sterling.”
For the Conspiracy Theory people.
President Kennedy’s assassination was shortly after a speech in which he said he was going to expose "the gnomes of Zurich". The "gnomes of Zurich" in this case are an ultra-secretive and powerful “Illuminatae”, a group of powerful businessmen with control of the World Bank and the IMF (International Monetary Fund). They are linked with the highest levels of the Masons. The theory is that the Illuminatae had Kennedy killed before he could expose them or otherwise harm their “mission”.

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